Vowing to cut U.S. trade deficits and protect the nation's high-tech "crown jewels," President Donald Trump announced he's levying a 25 percent tariff on up to $50 billion worth of Chinese imports, instantly escalating a trade dispute between the world's two largest economies.
China's government quickly responded that it would "fight back strongly" with penalties of the same scale on American goods.
Trump said he was fulfilling a campaign pledge to crack down on what he contends are China's unfair trade practices and efforts to undermine U.S. technology and intellectual property. During an impromptu appearance on the White House North Lawn, the president hailed his "very big tariffs" on China.
"You know we have the great brain power in Silicon Valley, and China and others steal those secrets. And we're going to protect those secrets. Those are crown jewels for this country," Trump said on "Fox & Friends."
Asked about inciting a trade war, he said, "There is no trade war. They've taken so much" already.
The U.S. tariffs will cover 1,102 Chinese product lines worth about $50 billion a year. Those include 818 products, worth $34 billion a year, remaining from a list of 1,333 the administration released in April. After receiving public comment, the U.S. removed from the list hundreds of products, including televisions and some pharmaceuticals, according to a senior administration official who briefed reporters on condition of anonymity.
The government will start to collect the tariffs July 6.
The administration also is targeting an additional 284 Chinese products, which it says benefit from China's aggressive industrial policies, worth $16 billion a year, but won't impose those tariffs until it collects public comment. U.S. companies that rely on the targeted imports — and can't find substitutes — can apply for exemptions from the tariffs.
"It's thorough. It's moderate. It's appropriate," U.S. Trade Rep. Robert Lighthizer said Friday on Fox Business Network's "Mornings With Maria." Lighthizer added: "Our hope is that it doesn't lead to a rash reaction from China."
"The Chinese side doesn't want to fight a trade war, but facing the shortsightedness of the U.S. side, China has to fight back strongly," the Chinese Commerce Ministry said in a statement. "We will immediately introduce the same scale and equal taxation measures, and all economic and trade achievements reached by the two sides will be invalidated."
The Commerce Ministry said it also is scrapping deals made with Washington in talks aimed at defusing a sprawling trade dispute.
A ministry statement gave no details of what U.S. goods would be affected, but China announced possible targets in April including soybeans, light aircraft, orange juice, whiskey and beef.
Trump has already put tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from Canada, Mexico and European allies, and his proposed tariffs against China risk a major trade war involving the world's two biggest economies.
Trump's decision comes in the aftermath of his summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. The president has coordinated closely with China on efforts to get Pyongyang to eliminate its nuclear arsenal. But he signaled that whatever the implications for that or other issues, "I have to do what I have to do" to address the trade imbalance.
The administration is also working on proposed Chinese investment restrictions by June 30.
The U.S. tariffs are a response to China's aggressive attempts to challenge U.S. technological dominance, including outright theft of trade secrets and forcing U.S. companies to share technology in exchange for access to the Chinese market. Those tactics are "a dagger aimed at the future of the U.S. manufacturing sector," the senior administration official said.
Wall Street has viewed the escalating trade tensions with wariness, fearful that they could strangle economic growth and undermine the benefits of the tax cuts Trump signed into law last year.
"Imposing tariffs places the cost of China's unfair trade practices squarely on the shoulders of American consumers, manufacturers, farmers, and ranchers," said Thomas Donohue, president of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. "This is not the right approach."
Reactions to the tariffs cut across party lines. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., said Trump is "right on target."
"The president's actions on China are on the money. China is our real trade enemy, and their theft of intellectual property and their refusal to let our companies compete fairly threatens millions of future American jobs," Schumer said.
Meanwhile, Rep. Dave Reichert, R-Wash., said he disagreed with the action because "Americans will bear the brunt instead of China."